数据可视化：matplotlib color 字符对照

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matplotlib marker color 字符对照

ref: https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/colors_api.html
ref: https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/color/named_colors.html

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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.colors as mcolors

for (k, v) in mcolors.BASE_COLORS.items():
    v = "#" + "".join(format(round(val * 255), "02x") for val in v)
    print(f'<font color="{v}"> {k:<10} ■  </font>')

for (k, v) in mcolors.TABLEAU_COLORS.items():
    print(f'<font color="{v}"> {k:<10} ■ </font>')

mcolors.BASE_COLORS (8)

████ b
████ g
████ r
████ c
████ m
████ y
████ k
████ w

BASE_COLORS

mcolors.TABLEAU_COLORS (10)

████ tab:blue
████ tab:orange
████ tab:green
████ tab:red
████ tab:purple
████ tab:brown
████ tab:pink
████ tab:gray
████ tab:olive
████ tab:cyan

TABLEAU_COLORS

mcolors.CSS4_COLORS (148)

CSS4_COLORS

mcolors.XKCD_COLORS (949)

XKCD_COLORS

code

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import math

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
from matplotlib.patches import Rectangle


def plot_colortable(colors, *, ncols=4, sort_colors=True):

    cell_width = 212
    cell_height = 22
    swatch_width = 48
    margin = 12

    # Sort colors by hue, saturation, value and name.
    if sort_colors is True:
        names = sorted(
            colors, key=lambda c: tuple(mcolors.rgb_to_hsv(mcolors.to_rgb(c))))
    else:
        names = list(colors)

    n = len(names)
    nrows = math.ceil(n / ncols)

    width = cell_width * ncols + 2 * margin
    height = cell_height * nrows + 2 * margin
    dpi = 72

    fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(width / dpi, height / dpi), dpi=dpi)
    fig.subplots_adjust(margin/width, margin/height,
                        (width-margin)/width, (height-margin)/height)
    ax.set_xlim(0, cell_width * ncols)
    ax.set_ylim(cell_height * (nrows-0.5), -cell_height/2.)
    ax.yaxis.set_visible(False)
    ax.xaxis.set_visible(False)
    ax.set_axis_off()

    for i, name in enumerate(names):
        row = i % nrows
        col = i // nrows
        y = row * cell_height

        swatch_start_x = cell_width * col
        text_pos_x = cell_width * col + swatch_width + 7

        ax.text(text_pos_x, y, name, fontsize=14,
                horizontalalignment='left',
                verticalalignment='center')

        ax.add_patch(
            Rectangle(xy=(swatch_start_x, y-9), width=swatch_width,
                      height=18, facecolor=colors[name], edgecolor='0.7')
        )

    return fig


# =========== 1 =================
for cl in [mcolors.BASE_COLORS, mcolors.TABLEAU_COLORS, mcolors.CSS4_COLORS, mcolors.XKCD_COLORS]:
    print(len(cl))

for (k, v) in mcolors.BASE_COLORS.items():
    v = "#" + "".join(format(round(val * 255), "02x") for val in v)
    print(f'<font color="{v}"> ████ {k:<10} </font>')

for (k, v) in mcolors.TABLEAU_COLORS.items():
    print(f'<font color="{v}"> ████ {k:<10} </font>')

# =========== 2 =================
plot_colortable(mcolors.BASE_COLORS, ncols=5, sort_colors=False)
# plt.savefig('mcolors.BASE_COLORS.png', dpi=300)
plt.show()

plot_colortable(mcolors.TABLEAU_COLORS, ncols=5, sort_colors=False)
# plt.savefig('mcolors.TABLEAU_COLORS.png', dpi=300)
plt.show()

plot_colortable(mcolors.CSS4_COLORS, ncols=10)
# plt.savefig('mcolors.CSS4_COLORS.png', dpi=300)
plt.show()

plot_colortable(mcolors.XKCD_COLORS, ncols=10)
# plt.savefig('mcolors.XKCD_COLORS.png', dpi=300)
plt.show()